Leisure and Free Time Essay

We all have the same 24 hours in a day. we spend almost all our time working and studying. The least amount of time is taken to do some free activities, in other words it is the free time or leisure. The free activities which not only make you feel happy and relaxed but also get you out of the streets, such as watching movie, spending time with family, surfing the internet, playing a sport†¦. So what do we do in our free time ? And , how do you spend your free time ? okay, now let’s talk about this. What do you enjoy doing in your free time ? Having so many activities to do the free time for example hanging around some where, asking somebody out, calling on someone. In my opinion , the free time activity can be divided into two categories the free mental activities and the free physical activities. Firstly, i want to talk about the free mental activities, somebody choose some mental activities to relax in their free time because they think that it is important to use leisure time for activities that improve the mind, such as reading and doing word puzzles. Reading the newspaper, writing letters, visiting a library, attending a play or playing games, such as chess or checkers, are all simple activities that can contribute to a healthier brain. In my case i like reading books in my free time, it is the best ways make me feel relaxed . Book not only teach me how to live frankly but also expand my knowledge. Moreover , reading the books is like travaling around the world. i can learn more about the cultures of the other countries, For a student like me who cannot afford to visit these place, getting them in books is the best way of learning more about other contries. Secondly, i want to talk about the free physical activities Sports serve as an excellent physical exercise. Those who play sports have a more positive body image than those who do not. Sports often involve physical activities like running,†¦   What are the reasons for this? Is this a positive or negative development? Shopping is unavoidable to everyone in this modern world. There are various reason people visiting retail as their leisure activity than other activities. In this essay, I will explain reasons for buying as hobby and its positive and negative improvements. There are various reasons behind shopping as their free time activity. People want to be attractive so that everyone will have to look on their costumes and accessories. Moreover, they want to try different clothes, food, cosmetic products etc. The other reason is to search for missing piece of their wardrobe. Many buy gifts for deer ones on their birthday and anniversary. Most of the family on weekends visit restaurant to dine and spend some time. Youngsters are passionate to change their mobiles to new upgraded features. It gives happiness and best pass time. Some of positive progress of shopping is people aware about new products and prices in the market. It boosts their negotiation skills. Helps acquire profound knowledge about the each product. It improves communication skills with the strangers. It is best fitness activity moving one shop to another searching for specific product. On the other hand, people become negative growth of shopping are addiction results more expense and time. Psychological problem arises due to not satisfactory of the product. In a nutshell, there is strong reason behind for people frequent shopping as their hobby. By analyzing both positive and negative advancement of shopping advantages outweigh the disadvantages of shopping. People are more enjoying their shopping in their spare time. How do you spend your free time? There are many different things which you can do in your free time. Personally I don’t have much free time. I am preparing to my mature exams. However, there always happen some free moments on the weekends. I don’t do any especially exciting things then. Sometimes I simply lie on the sofa and watch TV. I like series movies, like â€Å"Friends†. I must admit that I also watch soap operas to entertain. In my mind you cannot learn anything watching TV so I generally choose silly programs. On Fridays and Saturdays I usually meet my friends. I like visiting my friend Magda and spend whole afternoon and night at her home. From time to time we visit pubs and discos. However, we do it rarely, as they are too expensive for us. I like going there anyway. In such places you have a chance to meet interesting people, dance or simply talk to your friends. Another thing that I like to do is to play computer games. I find it really funny. I think that if I had a free week, I might play these games constantly even for 12 hours. Most of my friends consider it strange and stupid, but for me it is really a great entertainment. It happens to me that I have completely no idea how to spend my free time, I simply lie in bed. I love sleeping. I am keen on being alone in my room, when there are no people around me and I have a chance to sleep till midday. I am looking forward for the holidays to come. I already made some plans. I am going to go to Mazury for a week. I will be sailing and swimming there. Moreover, I am going for a trip to Germany with my dad. This certainly will be a wonderful time.

Dowry System

An essay on evils of dowry system in India. Dowry system is as old as man is. The dowry system is a social evil. It is prevalent in all parts of India and almost in all the countries of the world. In India many of the traditional customs have been given up, but the custom of dowry has not only continued, but flourished over the years. Even in the old age the dowry system was in vogue and dowry was used as means for striking a good match. In due course dowry became an integral part of the marriage institution and is generally accepted by the society as necessarily evil. e custom of dowry has become widespread. Even before the marriage, the amount to be given as dowry is discussed and settled with the change of time. The contents of dowry have undergone a great change. The boy's parents openly demand money and other items which include car, scooter, fridge, colour T. V. etc. The rate of dowry changes according to the qualification of the boy. There are â€Å"rates† fixed for I. A. S. , I. P. S. , P. C. S. , I. E. S. officers and qualified engineers and doctors. In fact, a regular marriage cannot be held and a marriage without dowry is almost unthinkable.Hence the custom has become a curse particularly for those parents who are either poor or unfortunate because they have several daughters. Hardly is there a day when one does not read of dowry deaths in the national daily newspapers. Brides bringing less than expected dowry are ill treated by their in-laws and other relatives. Many of them cannot bear it any more and commit suicide. Those who do not have enough courage to do so, are burnt alive by their husbands and the in-laws. Now and then voices have been raised against this evil custom.Even the social reformers like Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Dayanand tried their best to create a social consciousness against this practice. Also, the Dowry Prohibition Act was passed in 1961, but it has not made any difference. Laws never succeed in eradicating social evils. S ocial awakening is needed to achieve such goals. Now-a-days several women's organizations have come into being in order to check this evil. Even our young boys and girls are taking oath not to follow this evil customs. State governments have also come forward with better legislation. Now taking and giving dowry is made a organizable offence.Much has been done, but much more needs to be done. Though there is marked effect of this movement still people have not given it up totally. They have started secret deals. Total eradication of dowry system is possible only when the mentality of the people changes. Young boys and girls should not come under the pressure of parents. Educational institutions should canvass against the dowry system. Even children should be made to read stories dealing with ill-effects of dowry. People should be told how this system has weakened our nation. It should be installed in the minds of young men and women that to give and to take dowry is a sin.Hence, the evil can be curbed, and eliminated only through social awakening and reform. But in the meantime, the law and the judicial system must provide solace and all possible help to those who wish to resist the pernicious manifestations of the dowry system. Note This article will help you to get knowledge on what is dowry system in India, free essay on dowry system indie, dowry deaths, punishment for culpable homicide and torture, dowry system ppt, dowry system in india pdf, dowry system speech, dowry system slogans, essay on dowry harassment and etc.This is a good sample example essay / article for personal use only for kids, children’s, school and college students for doing individual research or writing it for the examination questions or scholarship or for any competition or competitive or entrance exams like the civil services, TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, ISB, MBA. If you don’t know how to write essay on controversial essay topics, then you can get help from online resources for p reparing your thesis. Moreover there are many websites that provides free essay services to help you to write custom essay paper or 5 paragraph essay or application essay on any current topics.But the best way to write award winning essay is to do the piece of writings in your own words. It must be noted down that this essay can be translated to other languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Maithili, Malayalam, Meithei, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu and etc by using various online language translation services or softwares. For better academic results practice writing narrative, descriptive, debate essays, review , history, mega, imagery, analytical, persuasive as well as expository essays. 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East of Eden Essay

In John Steinbeck’s novel, East of Eden, the deprivation of a sound conscience is a theme that is associated with Cathy Ames, and afflicts the people around her. The author uses foreshadowing to portray the future of Cathy and her multiple victims. By doing so, the author builds onto the characterization of Cathy, revealing how truly malevolent she is. From birth, Cathy is foreshadowed to develop into something monstrous. The author claims that he â€Å"believe(s) there are monsters born in the world to human parents† (72). Even though she has not been physically presented to the reader yet, Cathy is about to be portrayed as the main evil in this novel. This prelude to Cathy’s characterization foreshadows the evil that will come with her presence. Cathy’s reign of terror begins when she burns her own house down, and â€Å"the frightened talk ran through the town that the whole Ames family had burned† (87). This action corresponds to the foreshadowing presented by the author’s description of monsters being born to human parents. By committing such an inhumane act, the reader gains the knowledge that Cathy has no conscience. Cathy’s tirade did not end there, and after giving birth to Adam, and possibly Charles’, babies and trying to leave him, â€Å"she shot at him. The heavy slug struck him in the shoulder and flattened and tore out a piece of his shoulder blade† (202). Cathy’s ability to kill the father of her children without even considering the severity of her actions shows how much of a monster Cathy truly is. The actions performed by Cathy at such an early stage in the story only foreshadows to the reader that she has not yet ended her path of destruction. Cathy’s inner evil is revealed at birth, and, at a young age, she discovers that she holds powers that can be used to manipulate others. From birth Cathy is foreshadowed to be pure evil, and she â€Å"learned when she was very young that sexuality with all its attendant yearnings and pains, jealousies and taboos, is the most disturbing impulse humans have† (75). It is disturbing that Cathy realizes her sexual capabilities at such a young age. The way Cathy’s thought process is presented, it can be seen that Cathy plans to abuse her powers, foreshadowing conflicts to arise in the future. It did not take long for Cathy to utilize her powers, and â€Å"at ten Cathy knew something of the power of the sex impulse and began coldly to experiment with it† (75). Cathy’s ‘experimentation’ with sexual power at such a young age helps further depict her as a malevolent being with no conscience. The fact that she begins abbling in sexual activities, at an age where most don’t even know what sex is, foreshadows that there can only be trouble to come from involvement with Cathy. Years pass and, as foreshadowed, Cathy becomes a major contributor to her local brothel. When speaking of her regular customers with the brothel’s owner, Faye, Cathy tells her to â€Å"look at the heel marks on their groins†¦ I’ve got the sweetest set of razors all in a case† (236). Cathy has been secretly sodomizing and extorting extra money from her regulars, showing she is not content with the amount of control she already possesses. Her actions foreshadow that Cathy’s search for power is never ending, foreshadowing she will continue her malicious acts until someone is capable of stopping her. At birth Cathy is depicted to be monstrous, which is proven true by the actions she displays while growing as a child. The realization of the many powers she possesses are developed and abused by Cathy, showing she disregards all others well being in her search for total control. Such actions can only be performed by those who have no sound conscience, and have no fear of the consequences posed by society.

Social and Economic Impact on Managerial Education Solutions Research Paper

Social and Economic Impact on Managerial Education Solutions - Research Paper Example A most vital element of the study in manager decision is considered with the economic view on the decision concern. In accordance with this viewpoint, self-attracted peoples are synchronized throughout the employment of, typically financial, rewards and punishments. We could observe obviously at this time that a viewpoint on manager decision is created on a commencement of human nature; in the economic viewpoint, this would be the self-attracted rational individual. On the origin of this economic viewpoint, several appliances and techniques were elaborated ahead. In the precedent few decades, four advancements were pointed out in a study that could not be gathered effortlessly by the neo-classical as well as new-institutional economics supported perception on manager decision. A lot of experiential studies demonstrate that the running methods for managing a hospitality industry are established to vary from the resolutions agreed by the economic viewpoint. First, manager decision does not depend exclusively on financial rewards other than also on other variables, for instance, civilizing components, grouping belongings, and precedent decisions. Second, the function of rule-following attitude for manager decision was pointed out. It appears to be significant whether novel decisions contest the choices that previously subsist in a hospitality industry. How do you mingle the numerous possessions in a hospitality industry, similar to human personnel and intelligence, assets, industrial capacities and financial wealth? Certainly, this is one of the fundamental questions of trade, hospitality industry, and economics. Within the sphere of this problem there is another query: how do we create peoples effort together in such a method that hospitality industrial objectives are provided? On a yet more exact stage, we have the question: how could we create self-attracted peoples with deviating objectives work together? And lastly, we could pose: what financial rewards and punishments constrain objective resemblance within a hospitality industry? These are questions that are intimately connected to a lot of beginning of education decision.

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 28

Analysis - Essay Example In other words, the author wants to appeal to the reader’s sense of humour such that he or she can imagine how beautiful the flower being described is. It can also be seen that the flower has been used as a symbol of beauty. The flower is powerfully described as outstanding in terms of its appearance and we can only imagine how good it looks like. In the third story entitled â€Å"Just looking,† it can be noted that it is comprised of imagery. Nicole thinks that Nike shoes that are worn by her peers symbolise real life. Unfortunately her mother does not buy her the same shoes so she imagines that her friends are always looking down upon her for lack of these shoes. She also thinks that bright blue or red clothes can symbolise something beautiful. She wears these colours to disguise her friends since she does not have new clothes like her friends. The lab is also portrayed as a symbol of life and death. She imagines that even if a person dies wearing Nike shoes, she or he is just as good as

The development of risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The development of risk - Essay Example A properly organised fieldwork enables learners to develop their competency level, skills and knowledge that further improves the value of classroom education. Due to the outstanding learning nature of the outdoor education, it is more likely to have a positive impact on the learner’s experience. On the other hand, outdoor education involving adventure gives a more practical experience to learners, which further enhances their learning process for better cognitive development (Rickinson, & et. al., 2004). Contextually, Management Information System is a process that involves collection of data and information through different sources and storing. The relevant data and information is further utilised for various decision making process to increase the effectiveness. The outdoor learning process improves the level of knowledge of learners and information gathered throughout the learning process assist in making various decisions effectively. For any organisation, management inf ormation system plays a crucial role, as it is the major source of all the relevant information. Information system ensures that data collected reach its required target and assists in strong decision-making. The system is responsible to meet the information need of each individual, groups as well as management of the organisation (Oz, 2008; Alcami & Caranana, n.d.). Outdoor learning in schools allows students, directly connect with the natural environment. Improved access to environment has a positive health and environmental benefits on students and their risk making assessment. Outdoor education improves the learning process to a considerable degree. Outdoor learning helps to enhance self-concept that leads to improved self-efficacy. Learning combined with natural environment enhances the self-confidence of learners as well as results in spiritual development. On the other hand, it facilitates team bonding as well as cooperation

Impact of Data Warehousing and OLAP Models on Management Accounting Thesis

Impact of Data Warehousing and OLAP Models on Management Accounting - Thesis Example The use of OLAP and BI tools enable the management accountants to acquire accurate information about all departments. With these tools, a management accountant can draw ideas from the previous happenings of the organization even without much knowledge about the external factors that would lead to collapse of the organization. Owing to these facts, this research work has conducted an in-depth analysis of the impact of OLAP and data warehousing on management accounting. This research work has used the quantitative method of data collection to get opinion from 25 participants from various organizations. The questionnaire has been divided into six sections. The research model has been based on these questions and selected control variables. Statistical analyses in SPSS have been performed on the quantitative data collected to identify the influence of the independent and control variables on the main dependent variable. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis have been conducted to study the relation between the variables. Based on the analyses it has been found that the factors like familiarity of the organization about OLAP, expertise level and compatibility of accounts department staff, the OLAP cube structure, availability of skilled personnel and the documentation of BRS have major influence on the choice and implementation of OLAP. In addition, the implementation of OLAP is found to have major impact on management accounting procedures leading to improved decision making business strategies.... o 14 2 Identification of research problem 15 3 Main research question and Hypotheses 17 4 Aim and Objectives of the Research 18 5 Methodology of research 18 6 Structure of the research 20 Chapter 2 – Literature Review 21-36 2.1. The Traditional Accountant 21 2.2. Challenges faced by The Traditional Accountant 22 2.3. Transition of role 23 2.4. The Data Marts 24 2.5. Introduction to OLAP 25 2.6. OLAP models 26 2.6.1. Data analysis in OLAP 26 2.6.2. OLAP components 26 2.7. The role of OLAP 30 2.8. Mapping the BI 30 2.9. Database Design 32 2.10. Warehouse Management 33 2.11. Challenges and implications of BI tools 35 2.12. Chapter summary 36 Chapter 3 - Theory and Hypotheses 37-51 3.1. Foundation of the study 37 3.2. Familiarity of Organizations 37 3.3. Planning of organizations for OLAP 41 3.4. Changes in other departments and OLAP 43 3.5. Compatibility of management accountants with OLAP 45 3.6. Contribution of OLAP to business strategy 47 3.7. Contribution of OLAP to accountin g 50 3.8. Chapter summary 51 Chapter 4 – Research Framework 52-87 4.1. Research methods 52 4.1.1. Survey Research methods 54 4.1.2. Qualitative survey method 54 4.1.3. Quantitative survey method 56 4.2. Sample selection 58 4.3. Data Collection 59 4.4. The Research Model 64 4.4.1. Identification of variables 65 4.4.2. Dependent variable 65 4.4.3. Independent variables 65 4.4.4. Control variables 68 4.5. Research model with variables 70 4.6. Diagnostic tests and issues 72 4.6.1. Descriptive Statistics 73 4.6.2. Inferential Statistics 74 4.7. Overview of SPSS 76 4.7.1. Algorithms supported in SPSS 78 4.7.2. SPSS modeling 78 4.8. Statistical analyses in SPSS 79 4.8.1. Data preparation for SPSS analysis 79 4.8.2. Bivariate and Multivariate Analyses 80 4.8.3. Correlation in SPSS 83 4.8.4. Regression

Compare and contrast traditional Marxist approaches to international Essay

Compare and contrast traditional Marxist approaches to international relations with EITHER Neo-Gramscian OR Frankfurt School vie - Essay Example The essay will be structured as follows. In the first section, the basic assumption and specific views of orthodox Marxist theorists of the IR will be examined. It will be argued that orthodox Marxism proceeds from the notion of primacy of international economic relations over political processes in the world system of states, neglecting ideological dimensions of international system. The second section will be devoted to analysis of neo-Gramscian approach to the IR. The questions of neo-Gramscian view on interrelation between economic and social factors of the IR will be given due attention. Finally, in the third section which will represent a conclusion to the essay, the direct comparison between orthodox Marxism and neo-Gramscianism will be presented, with a view to proving the difference between these two schools of international political thought. 1. Orthodox Marxism as a Theory of International Relations Basic Assumptions of Orthodox Marxism The crux of orthodox Marxist approac h to the study of the IR lies in its assumption of primacy of economic and technological development over purely political processes, and of predominance of the struggle between different social classes over conflicts between political states (Linklater, 2005, p. 110). Unlike idealist and realist perspectives that centre on assumption of basically unchanging process of competition between self-interested individuals/political entities, a Marxian political analysis rests on the idea of historical specificity of social processes and of organic nature of social relations (Rupert, 2007b, p. 150). The Marxist theory implies the interconnection between productive forces as material bases for social production, and relations of production, which refer to the social relations between individuals, usually organized into classes, over the issues of production and distribution of social product. A Marxist perspective on the social processes proceeds from the idea of dialectic of â€Å"relatio ns in process† (Rupert, 2007b, p. 151), where the social subjects, or agents, are both dependent on social structures that set the framework for their actions and effect their maintenance and further development. In that way, social structures simultaneously determine the actions of social agents and are continuously altered by them (Rupert, 2007a, p. 36). In class society the nature of social agents is determined by their class nature, with capitalist social relations being preconditioned by the struggle between two socio-economic classes: the bourgeoisie (capitalist entrepreneurs) and the proletariat (propertyless wage workers). The View of International Relations in Orthodox Marxism Just as Marx and Engels viewed economic structure of specific societies as the factor defining the whole variety of its political, juridical and ideological forms (the former was regarded as â€Å"basis† of society, the latter as its â€Å"superstructure†), so they regarded the pro blems of the IR as the result of interactions of different economies controlled by national dominant classes, whose interests are represented politically by their state. According to Marx and Engels, as the existence of bourgeoisie as a class in capitalist society was predicated on

How Does Mood Affect the Performance of Singers Research Paper

How Does Mood Affect the Performance of Singers - Research Paper Example The amazing process of how the brain controls the capabilities of humans to express themselves shall be examined herein as well as a solution to the best possible ideas and results that the researcher could garner from the procedures taken into consideration within this piece of work.Music is an undeniably fine type of art that has captured the hearts of human individuals around the globe. Ever since the human generation began, the existence of music as a primary source of expression has given a chance for the many human generations passing history to preserve the right kind of mark that they would want to leave as legacies of their civilization. From the different developments of the said entity of the human society, there is one particular contributory element that makes all these things possible, the human voice.Voice is noted as the primary sound that comes out of a person’s mouth as demanded and commanded by the brain. Through this particular element, the thinking of any individual is expressed to others. IT is also the voice of humans that makes the existence of music creation possible. From this particular indication, it could then be identified that as one person sings, there are several procedures being involved before the actual sound of the song comes out of any body’s mouth as a form of music that sends messages to the ears and towards the brains of everyone else hearing it.If the expression of one’s thinking through the utilization of the human voice is controlled by the brain, how is the performance of singers actually affected by the emotions that they feel every now and then? Considerably, this is one of the main issues that shall be handled within the context of this research. From this question, it could be expected that the study would revolve on the capability of the brain to control the emotional display of failure, anger, distress, happiness, excitement and so on and so forth as seen through the skills and the voices o f singing performers.

Gender and Video Games Essay Example for Free

Gender and Video Games Essay The current development in the literature concerning videogames and gender constitutes the formulation of perceptions of how not only game developers but also players establish their individual and collective identity in this process. Their relationship then corresponds to creating specific norms and principles that seek to identify specific ideas concerning their representation of reality and also their ability to capitalize on existing genres for cultivating game play and the issues related to acceptance of existing norms. Due to this, to better understand the relationship circumventing around video games and gender, fair amount of analysis must be made not only in its ability to represent the gaming public but also in the impact it creates towards taking the issue into a bigger picture as it relates to the construction of social norms and roles. Assessing Video Games and Gender Indeed looking at previous literature studies, it can be seen that misrepresentation remains apparent especially among the representation of gender in video games. Here, common patterns of male masculine figures and characters continue to dominate different platforms and games. Such idea remains to be seen particularly, during the earlier times wherein there is a corresponding depiction of players that are relatively male and ultimately dominate both the primary and secondary characters. Here, Williams, Martins, Consalvo and Ivory (2009) study highlights these apparent trends by arguing that â€Å"the most popular games are less representative than the typical game produced by developers, indicating that players also play a role in the cycle of creation and consumption† (p. 828). Similarly, such actions then establish the formation of implications relating towards both businesses and gamers alike. Given the constant marketing and exploration of new strategies to expand the level of gamers within a specific platform, there are indeed restrictions that this gender bias and formulation of games create. It necessitates not only hindering the potential appeal of these games towards consumers but also induce common means for limited appreciation and also shortage in sales. These dynamics in turn necessitate a constricted response to the ever growing number of patrons of video games as it encompasses the majority of participants and involve other actors who also place emphasis in their capacity for media to exhibit their common associations and relationship within the platform (Williams, Martins, Consalvo, Ivory, 2009). Opening up Patterns for Diversity and Change Assessing the validity of how video games embrace diversity, careful analysis needs to be made in the manner that video games seek to portray and outline the views concerning the gaming culture. Since social symbols often connote this process to be a male/masculine endeavor, earlier platforms somehow inhibit female participation in such activity and more often than not associated with male roles and tendencies (Williams, Martin, Consalvo and Ivory, 2009). However, this started to change as new designs and models have been introduced to cater to the changing perceptions of gender roles related to video games and adherence to the objectives to transcend over common representations that platform has over male and female responsiveness. Recognizing the current needs for embedding gender equality within the video game platforms, many game developers now seek to apply these strategies in the formulation of new titles that seek to connote better ability for people to utilize their perception of themselves within a particular game. This brought about significant changes as designers brought into consideration diversity and equal representation of male and female roles in the process. This dynamics then consolidated better means for outlining not only significant areas related to the overall game play but also in the appeal it gives towards different individuals regardless of their racial and gender associations (Brandtzaeg and Heim, 2009). Seeing this, the study by Jansz and Vosmeer indeed offer a good analysis of how the game ‘Sims 2’ address these changing trends and outline the evolution of gaming from a masculine and male dominated genre to a more lax and diverse area that induces common connections between masculinity and femininity. By using this game as an example, the study was able to highlight significant changes in these perceptions and was able to ascertain common ideals shaping and furthering opportunities accounting to how diversity serves as an instrument in merging the idea of gender and video games together. To complement this process, it takes into account creating video games that are not only responsive to the needs of gamers but also reach out towards their ability to utilize connections over the roles specific characters play. Here, Jansz and Vosmeer (2010) argues, â€Å"developing gender and games theory requires more detailed insight into the mutual shaping of game content, game play, and gender identities† (p. 247). By collaborating on these three aspects accordingly, the ability of growth of video games have indeed showcased a reality that is more conducive and responsive to the needs of individuals by offering a variety of platforms wherein interaction and associations remain possible. Videogames, Violence, and Gender Roles Another precept shaping the understanding concerning the idea of videogames and gender is the corresponding perceptions and roles it provides participants. Since this element is one part of media, it is through this that representations about culture and gender roles are provided among individuals regardless of age, race, or cultural affiliations. These dynamics in turn necessitate both positive and negative responses in terms of the establishment of identity and formulation of specific patterns of behavior innate within the characterization of primary and secondary characters in a particular game. In essence, there continues to be a relationship in the way individuals ascertain their preferences in games with their innate social behavior and ability to denote a particular response to each theme of a video game played (Brandtzaeg and Heim, 2009). Seeing these diverse variations concerning the ability to extract experiences and ideas from video games, it then presents the formation of specific behavior and inputs depending on the themes provided. Such actions then result in current diversity of games available in the market today. As Brandtzaeg and Heim (2009) argue, â€Å"the new electronic gaming landscape is complex, and consists of a vast array of choices in different game content genres tailored towards a range of user profiles in regards to highly different interests and content preferences† (p. 71). These in turn result in the formulation of specific behavior that equally shapes an individual’s personality and the manner that each one seeks to equate this in the formulation of their identity and role within social institutions. Associated with the formulation of gender roles, there are also instances of video games promoting violence as themes in its platforms. Such dynamics then necessitate impact on individual behavior as they try to ascertain specific tendencies towards the acceptance of violence to be a social norm and apparent in different scenarios and environment. Though research and literature may argue differently concerning this stance, it also goes to show the impact that video games can provide towards the inducement of violent and aggressive tendencies among gamers. Here, it is what Kim refers to as desensitization of violence within video games genre and points out its impact not only in the formulation of gender roles but also the acceptance of its role within the development of a player’s identity (Kim, n. d. ). Under this process, there continues to be new developments happening in video game technology that aides the desensitization of violence among consoles. These in turn contributes to further exposure and creates a real-life scenarios wherein players experience an almost-real setup where violence as a theme is depicted. Here, Kim (n. d. ) argues that â€Å"as video games become more sophisticated, there is a wide range of input devices at various levels of realism – from pushing keys on a keyboard to a turning wheel to drive or actually shooting a gun† (p. 5). Such realities then brings about the question of how such games provide the means to explore means to correspond the manner to ascertain violence, videogames and gender. It does take into account the value of how these themes permeate within choices and ability to partake in the gaming experience of individuals. By establishing these relationships, it can help analyze the formulation of behavior as well as how it corresponds to the nature of furthering opportunities to extract behavioral responsiveness on the part of individuals who partake in such endeavor. (Jansz, and Vosmeer, 2010). To conclude, the idea of gender and video games have undergone an expansion of literature that takes into account its development from a more conservative and masculine-oriented dimension towards the creation of games that seeks to highlight and induce elements of diversity. By taking account of these areas, it was able to consolidate better means to reach out towards different gamers and allow better means for access among people. Though there may still be corresponding bias views concerning gender, it was able to construct a new playing field wherein new games are able to cater towards the dynamic needs among gamers. Alongside this development, there is also the corresponding perspective of shaping new means to carry out effective means to extract gender roles among players. These elements manifest in the themes and perceptions utilized by individuals who participate in such endeavor. One element that can be seen in these areas is the corresponding violence that video game creates. Though there are contrasting views in the impact on human behavior, it plays a crucial role in establishing analysis in its association with the interplay of social norms and roles through the spectrum of perceptions and choices of video game genres. References Brandtzaeg, P. B. and Heim, J. (2009) Children’s Electronic Gaming Content Preferences and Psychosocial Factors: Is there a connection? Nordicom Review. 30 (2), pp. 69-86 Jansz, J. , Avis, C. and Vosmeer, M. (2010) Playing The Sims 2: An exploration of gender differences in players’ motivations and patterns of play. New media and Society. 12 (2), pp. 235-251 Kim, O. T. Effects of Violent Video Games on Desensitization: The Role of Gender, Previous Exposure, and Input Device. Williams, D. , Martins, N. , Consalvo, M. and Ivory, J. (2009) The virtual census: representations of gender, race, and age in video games. New media and society. 11 (5), pp. 815-834

Service User And Care Involvement Analysis Social Work Essay

Service User And Care Involvement Analysis Social Work Essay This review will consist of an introduction, aims of the review, and methods of data collection, findings on a series of questions and answers on the extent of service user involvement in the discharge process, conclusions, and possible recommendations for change. It will conclude with a reflection piece. The following review will discuss the issue of service user involvement in the discharge/transfer procedure. The review was compiled by the author within a nineteen bedded Forensic Mental Health unit. The ward was at full capacity at the time of writing this review. The service users all had different levels of mental illness, each with a different history, level of cognitive awareness, degree of institutionalisation and willingness to adapt and change. This review will assess to what extent service users are involved with the discharge planning process in the ward, if any, and give possible recommendations on how this process may be improved. Aims of the Review During this placement the author decided on a subject to review, this subject was service user involvement in discharge planning. While collating information for the review some questions arose these questions were: Does the service user feel included in decision making? How does the staff involve the service user in the decision making if at all? Has discharge been discussed with the service user? These questions lead to the author constructing some key questions to carry out in the review these will be discussed further in the findings. 91 Methods used to construct review The data for the review was collected over a ten week period within the ward. The author consulted service users notes, attended multidisciplinary team meetings and conducted a series of semi-structured, one to one interviews with service users and staff, including a consultant, doctors, ward manager, nurses, nursing assistants and occupational therapists. A literature search was also carried out using accredited databases including CINAHL and the British Nursing Index. Relevant journal articles were found on these databases using keywords such as service user, involvement and mental health services. Nursing research books were also used to gather information along with web sites underlining national policies and models for mental health nursing. 110 Findings How are decisions made within the placement area regarding discharge planning? A Forensic Mental Health Unit is not part of the prison services it is a service that specialises in the assessment and treatment of people who have a Mental Disorder. According to the Mental Health Care and Treatment Act 2003 a mental disorder is an illness such a personality disorder or learning disability defined by the act, whereby the mental disorder has been a contributing factor to the person offending. Throughout the weeks on this placement research was carried out by the author on policies and procedures for discharge planning. The one in particular that was found to be relevant was the Care Programme Approach (CPA). CPA is about early identification of needs, assignment of individuals or organisations to meet those needs in an agreed and co-ordinated way and regular reviews of progress with the service user and care providers. CPA is also about involving family or carers at the earliest point. The Care Programme Approach requires that service users should be provided with copies of their care plans and it has been increasingly common for service users who have been the responsibility of forensic psychiatrists to have copies of documents relating to their care. (DOH 2008). Systems were in place for comprehensive care planning. There was evidence to show that the service users social, educational and occupational needs were taken into account in the care planning process and other specialist interventions were available. In addition to this, in some cases, discharge/transfer planning was evident from an early stage (not long after admission), although in other cases a few months had elapsed before any document noted those discussions. Discharge planning is enhanced by the Care Programme Approach (CPA) a multi-disciplinary care planning systematic approach that involves service users and their carers. Care Programme Approach is the framework for care co-ordination and resource allocation in mental health services. Decisions for discharge are made through the multi-disciplinary team which consists of consultants, ward manager, nursing staff, occupational therapy and social workers. discharge guidance 4. This will go forward to a tribunal where the service user will be invited to take part, here all the evidence will be put forward and a decision will be made. If the service user is restricted then the decision will be made by the First Minister. When a service user is restricted it means an order has b een applied to them as they are seen by the act to be a more serious offender, this then means that the Home Office is responsible for granting discharge and a representative will be invited to the Tribunal (MHCT Act 2003 SECTION 37/41). Most service users have long term mental health problems and complex social needs and have been in contact with mental health services for more than twenty years so never think about discharge. Being in hospital for so long has become part of their lives so service users see it as pointless being discharged, what would I do. 488 SECTION 117 AFTER-CARE Prior to 1983, no statutory provision was made for the after-care of patients discharged from hospital. Section 117 introduced and defined formal after-care. In particular it stated: It shall be the ditty of the health authority and the local authority to provide in conjunction with voluntary agencies after-care services for any person to whom this Section applies, until such time that the health authority and local authority are satisfied that the person concerned is no longer in need of such services . Section 117 of the 1983 Mental Health Act applies to patients who have been detained under Section 3,37, 37/41, 47/49, 48/49. Before a decision is taken to discharge or grant leave to a patient, it is the responsibility of the RMO to ensure, in consultation with other members of the multi-disciplinary team, that the patients needs for health and social care have been fully assessed, and that the care plan addresses them. The Section 117 meeting The aim of the meeting is to draw up an after-care plan, based on the most recent multi-disciplinary assessment of the patients needs. During the meeting the following areas should be covered as appropriate: Housing Finances Relationships/family Employment Social needs Psychology/mental health difficulties Relapse predictors Known risk factors When the care plan is agreed the team should ensure that a key worker is identified to monitor the care plan. The Care Co-Ordinator can come from either of the statutory agencies, and should not be appointed unless they are present at the meeting, or unless they have given their prior agreement.. The process for Sec 117 can be found in Trust Policy and Procedure and applies to all patients accepted by psychiatric services. What decisions/involvement does the service user have in this process? Within this placement the care and treatment plans are reviewed on a regular basis. Service users are expected to meet with their key worker and other team members on a regular basis, care plans are reviewed at these meetings and a mutual agreement will be decided, on the best way forward, once the care plan has been agreed by all the service user has to adhere to the care plan.(discharge guidance)no.16 Rights, Relationships and Recovery (2006): The Report of the National Review of Mental Health Nursing in Scotland Service users are encouraged to be fully involved in all aspects of their care as far as they are able to. Service users past and present wishes should be taken into account, their views and opinions with regards to their treatment plan must also be recorded, as stated in the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act Scotland 2003. These wishes and aspects will be turned into a care plan that is individual to the service user. The principles of the act underpin any decision made relating to a detained service user in Scotland. The Milan Committee devoted a chapter in the act that referred to high risk patients it stated that service users should have the right of appeal to be transferred from a high or medium secure facility to that of a facility with lower security conditions. (Mental Health Care and Treatment Scotland Act 2003). This however seemed to be the problem across the board, lack of medium/low secure facilities to discharge /transfer appropriate service users to. Service users have the opportunity for regular one-to-ones with their key workers (weekly basis) or more regularly if they require. Service users have the opportunity to put forward their thoughts on discharge and any other aspect of their care at the review, such as their rights, beliefs and their right to a tribunal. The author attended these independant tribunals while on this placement and at these tribunals people had stated that their human rights had been violated (The Human Rights Act 1998). They felt they were still being discriminated against for offences they had committed 20-30 years ago and feel they were being held under excessive security hence the reason for the tribunal to appeal against this level of security. this would mean they would be granted grounds access on a trial period which may be supervised, then become unsupervised for a trial period to see how the service user would cope, this in turn will lead to a further tribunal taking place in a set time agreed f or example 4 or 6 months away, where the service user may be granted discharge/transfer to a lower secure unit depending that all provisions that had been put in place had been adhered to, for example, risk assessment reviewed, treatment regime being followed, attend all social/therapy/strategy groups that were agreed. The review takes place every four months, again this is a multi-disciplinary meeting and service users are invited to attend with the support of advocacy or someone of their choice. The Human Rights Act 1998 gives legal effect in the UK to certain fundamental rights and freedoms contained in the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). These rights not only affect matters of life and death like freedom from torture and killing, but also affect your rights in everyday life: what you can say and do, your beliefs, your right to a fair trial and many other similar basic entitlements. During the time spent on this placement it was noted that service users and key workers met at the beginning of the week to discuss how they felt things had been for them, the service user has the opportunity to discuss what changes they would like to happen, this is then recorded in the service users notes and taken forward to the clinical team that week where it would be discussed if any changes in care and treatment would take place, the service user is then informed of any changes and decisions made which they have the right to appeal against (The Human Rights Act 1998). The opportunity arose for the author to take part in these weekly reviews, during this one-to-one time most service users were able to express their thoughts and feelings about issues they had encountered that week and describe what therapeutic strategies they used to get through it. The service user will be provided with a copy of the Treatment Plan Objectives, or informed in detail of the contents of the treatment plan, in the event that any learning or specific reading or language difficulty information should be provided in a way that is most likely to be understood. Arnstein (1969) constructed a ladder of participation which described eight stages of user participation in services, including mental health. These stages ranged from no participation to user controlled services. The above service users would be placed on the sixth rung of the ladder in the partnership range as they agree to share planning and decision-making responsibilities. Partnership Partnership, like community, is a much abused term. I think it is useful when a number of different interests willingly come together formally or informally to achieve some common purpose. The partners dont have to be equal in skills, funds or even confidence, but they do have to trust each other and share some commitment. In participation processes as in our personal and social lives building trust and commitment takes time. discharge guidance 16.6 908 Does this placement area reflect its practice on local or national policies regarding service user involvement in discharge planning? (Mental Health Care and Treatment Scotland Act 2003). (The Human Rights Act 1998). When asked their views on the subject the Ward manager and senior nursing staff presented documentation which reaffirmed current practice within the ward. The Ten Essential Shared Capabilities (ESCs) DOH (2004) he explained was the model now being followed on the ward, has just been implemented into this area of placement within the last two years, which the ward staff have adopted well by providing a person-centred approach as much as possible. This new person-centred model embraced the ethos of the above, and senior staff stressed that good practice dictated that service users have the opportunity to appropriately influence delivery of care and support. A review of policies and procedures as well as discussions with staff provided evidence that the policies were actually in place. Throughout the placement, the author noticed that efforts were being made all the time to nurse according to the new model. Included were regular one to one sessions between nurses and service users to hear their views and thoughts, these already took place before the ESCs were introduced. Moreover some staff do find it difficult to adopt the ESCs and the mental health act due to the restraints of the environment (secure ward); however they are prepared to embrace the opportunity for further education and support. 211 Identify barriers and constraints. Before a decision is taken to discharge or grant leave to a patient, it is the responsibility of the RMO to ensure, in consultation with other members of the multi-disciplinary team, that the patients needs for health and social care have been fully assessed, and that the care plan addresses them. Section 117 of the 1983 Mental Health Act applies to patients who have been detained under Section 3,37, 37/41, 47/49, 48/49. While on placement and conducting this review the author noted that one of the barriers to effective involvement came from some of the service users, due to the complex nature of the area the service users had become institutionalised and found it difficult to be thinking about discharge at this stage in their lives, so they just accept the way things are and do not get too much involved as far as care plans are involved and just say what they think the staff want to hear. In secure settings engagement of service users in assessment and treatment can be difficult, as there is a potential risk of perceived coercion. Moreover with the lack of medium secure facilities around this can hinder service users from moving on within the specified time limit agreed, as there are no provisions. 138 Recommendations for Development SMART Most service users were more concerned about their futures and life post discharge. They wanted their time between now and then to be concerned with preparing them for discharge. It was frustrating for many service users that they felt that little in the way of such preparation was taking place. Continue to provide service users with support and skills needed appropriate to their function and skills already held, for example cookery groups, IT groups. Provide groups that enhance social skills such as coping strategy groups, anger management, alcohol/drug treatment/groups. High secure units should ensure that at the point of discharge patients have a copy of their discharge care plan in a suitable format which includes appropriate information about the circumstances that might result in their return to a secure mental health provision such as However a recommendation that high secure units should ensure that factors to be weighed in assessing relapse are part of the risk assessment included in the discharge plan of all service users. The National Service Framework for Mental Health states that Service users and carers should be involved in planning, providing and evaluating training for all health care professionals (Department of Health, 1999). This is the case in most health care provisions but for more education, training and information to be more readily available. Strengthening the user perspective and user involvement in mental health services has been a key part of policymaking in many countries, and also has been encouraged by World Health Organization (WHO) in order to establish services that are better tailored to peoples needs and used more appropriately. 265 Reflection In this review, I need to reflect on the situation that took place during my clinical placement to develop and utilise my interpersonal skills in order to maintain the therapeutic relationships with service users. In this reflection, I am going to use Gibbs Reflective Cycle Gibbs (1988). This model is a recognised framework for my reflection. Gibbs (1988) consists of six stages to complete one cycle which is able to improve my nursing practice continuously and learning from the experience for better practice in the future. During the first week of placement I was encouraged to work closely with my mentor. This gave me the opportunity to orientate myself to the ward and get an overview of the needs and requirements of the service users. This also provided me with the chance to observe how the nursing team worked on the ward. During this time I had learned that if the concept of inter-professional working is to succeed in practice, professionals need excellent team working and communication skills. Good communication, as we have staged in our group work theory, (skills for practice 3) is crucial in the effective delivery of patient care and poor communication can result in increased risk to the service users. I have learned the valuable skills required for good communication and will transfer these into practice by adapting to the local communication procedures (expand). The NMC advices that at the point of registration students should have the necessary skills to communicate effectively with colleagues and other departments to improve patients care (NMC, 2004). 256

Chocolate Industry Is Becoming A Global Phenomenon Marketing Essay

Chocolate Industry Is Becoming A Global Phenomenon Marketing Essay Introduction Chocolate Industry is becoming a global phenomenon. Globally appetite for chocolates shows no signs of waning but a shift in consumption pattern is increasingly evident. In the year 2009 global confectionary market was estimated to be 88,740.2US $ million industry .From the year 2004-2009 it has grown by 33.2 % in terms of retail value .In terms of value chocolate confectionery market is the largest category accounting for almost 60% of the total sales. The giants of chocolate business have all dominated their respective regions for decades eg :-Kraft in Us,Cadbury In Britain. Cadbury Schweppes was formed by a merger in 1969 between Cadbury and Schweppes. Since 1842 Cadbury has gone from strength to strength. The most recent step to the success ladder for Cadbury is the takeover of the company by US food company Kraft which makes the company global confectionery leader. It has an outstanding portfolio of chocolate, gum, candybar .Since then the business has expanded into a leading international confectionery and beverages company. Through an active programme of both acquisitions and disposals the company has created a strong portfolio of brands which are sold in almost every country in the world. This report aims to throw light on Chocolate confectionery industry leader Cadbury with target market in India .A rapidly developing economy such as India would further gives me a chance for a much deeper analysis of the industry and overall market environment. Cadbury in India: Cadbury began its Indian operations as a trading company in 1947 with brands such as dairy milk, gems, 5star Bournvita and perk etc. Cadbury India Ltd is a local subsidiary of Cadbury Schweppes which holds in excess of 90 % shares in it. Cadbury in the last six decades has become synonymous with the word chocolate in India .It is one of the Classic examples of the brand coming to symbolise a product category. Innovation is also essential for ongoing success despite chocolate market being dominated by consistent performers .Cadbury India Ltd dominates the chocolate market in India with over 70%.It operates in four categories viz. Chocolate Confectionery, Milk Food Drinks, Candy and Gum category. Some of the key brands are Cadbury Dairy Milk, 5 star,  Perk,  Ãƒâ€°clairs  and  Celebrations. Market size The FMCG market in India is estimated to reach 27 billion in 2009. It is very highly fragmented market .In India the Chocolate confectionery market grew almost 22% in current value terms to reach Rs27 billion in 2009.Cadbury India Ltd is the leader in confectionary market in India Leading Brands in the market Nestle is the 2nd market leader with a share of 33% followed by Amul at 3.63%.Other competing products in the market are KIT KAT, NESTLÉ Eclairs ,Polo, Nestle Milky bar Nestle Bar one is one of the biggest competitor of 5 star ,Amuls Chocozoo product ,Amuls Milky Bar etc Brand Positioning A brand position is the market place a brand is perceived to occupy or what the brand stands for in a world of brands .This position includes the associations it has in the mind of the consumer .It includes the associations it has in the mind of the consumer .It includes all aspects of a brand: the product attributes, benefits and values. (MooijiMariekede, 2005). In a survey conducted by the Business world magazine in 2007 Cadbury had been ranked 5th in the FMCG sector in a survey on Indias most respected companies. PORTERS ANALYSIS New Entrants Rivalry Buyers Substitutes Suppliers Porter (1980) suggested that five main forces shape competition at the level of strategic business units and that a systematic analysis of each in turn can help managers identify the keys to competitiveness in their particular industry (Hooley, 2003) Rivalry among existing companies-Moderate Cadbury is undoubtedly the market leader in the Indian chocolate confectionery market .The main players in the chocolate confectionary market is Cadbury followed at 58.3% by Nestle at 33% and domestic brand Amul (Gujarat Co-operative Ltd) at a very small share of 3.63%.Private labels have not made an entry in chocolate confectionary .With Brands such as Cadbury and Nestle enjoying a strong brand equity as well as market dominance retailers have not ventured into the category as of 2009 .Since 2004-2009 the market shares by the companies have not seen a major change .Nestle is the only competitor with diverse range of product portfolio where as Amul core activity is in dairy products and it has a much smaller product portfolio than the leading players in India. Amul Chocozoo is the companys key innovative brand which does not have any parallels in the market. In India Cadbury enjoys very strong brand loyalty a classic example is the Worm Controversy in the year 2003 during the festiva l period in Diwali but a year later company was able to gain back the consumer confidence .Cadburys value share melted from 73 per cent in to 69.4 per cent during the year 2003.The recovery began in May 2004 when Cadburys value share went up to 71 per cent. This faster recovery was possible due the trust and loyalty of the consumers with the brand. Also due to strong brand loyalty Cadbury enjoys price elasticity and product differentiation plays a very small in competitive rivalry of the confectionery market. Threat of New entrants- Low In addition to considering existing rivals an organisation should also consider the potential for new entrants to emerge. Threat of new entrants in an industry depends upon the height of a number of entry barriers .In the chocolate confectionery market the capital cost of entry would be very high since Cadbury and Nestle being the only two companies with more than 70 percent share in the market. To compete with such well established MNCs it requires high investment making the threat of new entrants very low. Cadbury as a brand enjoys strong brand loyalty and emotional attachment by the consumers any potential new entrant will encounter resistance in trying to enter the industry .Brand loyalty will also be a significant factor in increasing the costs for consumers of switching to the products of new competitors. Threat of Substitutes-Low A substitute can be regarded as something that meets the same needs as the product of the industry .The extent of threat from a particular substitute will depend upon factors such as extent to which the price and performance of the industries product and performance of the substitute can match the industries product and the willingness of the buyers to switch to the substitute .In case of Cadbury the switching costs for the consumers is very low .Also consumers are very loyal to the brand making the threat of substitutes very low Bargaining power of suppliers- Moderate Cadbury Schweppes has around 40000 suppliers worldwide.  [1]  Parent company provided cocoa seeds and clonal materials for 8 years of operations to Cadbury India Ltd .It started cocoa farming in India to reduce dependence on imported cocoa beans. Cadbury India imports about 50 percent of the cocoa requirement .List of Key ingredients and their approximate percentage requirement is shown the below chart: Other Dry Fruits-3% Edible Oil-5% Malt Extract-9% Sugar Liquid Glucose-17% Milk (Powder/Liquid/Condensed)-20% Cocoa Beans/butter/powder -46% Like stated above key ingredients Sugar and Cocoa are bought from the commodity markets. Milk is bought regularly from farmers in the area near the factory to complement the supply coming from the original directly operated farm. Barley for malt is bought from four to five wholesalers. Manufactures have very little control over the prices of Sugar and Cocoa since they are mostly set by the government. Rest of the ingredients have less proportion as compared to cocoa and sugar hence their bargaining power is low. Over the recent years there has been growing concern of the trade policies and child labour issues in the cocoa industry Cadbury product Dairy Milk has been fair trade certified . Bargaining power of buyer- Moderate The extent to which buyer of a product exert power over an industry depends upon number of factors. To identify the bargaining power of the buyer for Cadbury its very important to identify who are the customers and consumers for the company .Customers are the people who sell the products to the people who consume them, for Cadbury they are the retailers and the distributors and consumers are the direct end people who consume. In the supply chain for Cadbury buyers include consumers, wholesalers, and supermarket chains. Market for the chocolate industry is highly fragmented. Existing brands such as Cadbury and Nestle have a strong presence of differentiation and brand loyalty leading to weakening of the buyer power. Major purchase in terms of volume is by the retailers giving them a better bargaining power but Cadbury enjoys good brand loyalty hence making it comparatively weak. Consumers have become accustomed to the brand and generally seem reluctant to shift loyalties to newer brands. Porters Generic strategy CADBURY Source: Competitive advantage As a competitive strategy, differentiation refers to a product or service that is different or somehow unique as perceived by the customer. (Grigsby Stahl, 1997)A firm can achieve differentiation for its products or services in a number of different ways .Cadbury India adopts the differentiation strategy to set itself in a unique way in the competitive envoirnment.Cadbury has over the decades build a brand image for the company through extensive advertising people have started associating with the brand emotionally and are very loyal. Cadbury has always tried to connect emotionally through its advertisement with the consumers .Company also regularly uses customer surveys as a means to align the advertisements with evolving consideration sets of customers and uses packaging as a tool to communicate quality. For example adds such as Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye Is Diwali Ap Kisse Khush Karenge which means something sweet for the Diwali festival clearly shows the bond the company is trying to connect with the consumers. It also tries to add extra features into the product. Cadbury India invests heavily in advertisement for its products .This plays a very important role in differentiating strategies because the customer gets convinced that there is something different about the product. Differentiating firms usually employ substantial consumer research efforts to identify changing consumer tastes. Cadbury regularly invests in consumer research and research and development for its products .It regularly tries to innovate with the products. Company goes by the value it sets for itself i.e. performance driven, values led. Resource Based View A resource based view inside out perspective is fundamentally different from Porters outside in perspective. A resource based view of the firm draws an important distinction between comparative parity and competitive advantage (Barney ,1991).Parity is achieved by choosing and executing a business strategy comparable to that of competition firms .Generic strategy models are seen as leader to parity with the competition .By contrast ,competitive advantage requires that firms be unique by developing and deploying resources in unique ways that add value and are difficult to imitate (Gerhart Rynes, 2003).Resource based view says that a organization possess resources that are inputs into its production process .There are three such capital inputs: Physical, human and organizational .The use of these resources is determined by characteristics inside the company .When these characteristics are appropriate and an organization can achieve both competitive and a sustainable superior performanc e-usually expressed by relatively high levels of return on investment .The organization acts a collection of assets and capabilities providing a capacity for a sets of resources to effectively perform activity tasks. A firm can sustain a competitive advantage by the organization responsive to rapidly changing market conditions by both maintaining the development of existing resources and capabilities and creating new ones. An organization needs to identify these capabilities which provide it with a competitive advantage. Resources are of two types tangible and intangible .These resources for the company can be intensified using the VRIN model. Valuable Rare Imperfectly Imitable Non Substitutable With the Cadburys analysis of the external as well as internal environment of the firm i found below resources which can help to sustain competitive advantage in the market. Tangible assets Ranking from level 1-5 (Where 1 is the highest) Financial capital 1 Human resource 2 Intangible assets Brand reputation 3 Loyalty of customers 1 Goodwill 2 Research and development 5 Distribution network 4 Distinctive Capabilities Culture and values 1 Cadbury India has been decades in the Indian market and now enjoys a strong reputation and has maintained its market leader position for many years it has the largest market share in the Indian chocolate industry of more than 70 percent. Thus I would rank financial capital as no 1 tangible asset of Cadbury India. Cadbury India has been ranked as the 7th Great Place to Work and the No. 1 FMCG company in India in 2008, by the Great Place to Work Institute.  It is the fourth time that they have featured amongst the Great Places to Work in India. Cadbury India has also been awarded the Bronze Award for Excellence in People Management in the Great Place to Work 2007 survey conducted by Grow Talent Company Limited and Business world. The award recognizes Cadbury India as a national leader in the area of Human Resource Management. Thus making it very useful tangible asset for the company.  [2]  Cadbury India is a built upon reputation for fine products and services. Capabilities are more difficult to delineate and are often described as invisible assets .For Cadbury India undoubtedly it is the culture and value of the organization which it has carried on decades .It is a value driven company To summarise the essential elements of the resource based view from Cadbury Indias point of view are the resources stated as above which give the firm its distinct advantage and sets its apart. Also the role of management in converting these resources into positions of sustainable competitive advantage leading to a superior performance in the marketplace. Cadbury Indias Business Relationships with Stakeholders: Stakeholders are the customers, shareholders employees, suppliers, communities. I would be aiming to analyse the business relationships Cadbury has with its stakeholders, how it builds up long term relationship which is mutually beneficial and a collaborative effort Government Communities Employees Customers Stockholders Cadbury India Educational institutes, Future generations, Poor Media, Competitors, Suppliers Trade associations, Public Interest Group Unions, Political parties, Creditors Environment, Religious Groups A firm must satisfy the interests of all its participants since this will promote the interest of the shareholders. A Firm should try to enhance the interest of all the stakeholders. It should have a stakeholding approach to business behaviour. Cadbury India take part in various programs and activities for the overall community its shareholders etc.As part of its corporate social responsibility programme they promote physical activity and education that helps improve consumer health and prevent obesity  .They are also helping to build understanding of the energy equation particularly amongst children. Cadbury India does not vend its confectionery or carbonated soft drink products in primary schools and only vend these products in secondary schools by invitation and in line with nutritional guidelines set by the school. Company regularly invests in new science and increasing our scientific resources within our business. Were working with others (including government, campaigners, shareholders and customers) to help find solutions. weve withdrawn from advertising directed specifically at children aged less than eight years where theyre the majority of the audience and weve introduced a global Marketing Code of Practice, whi ch includes specific reference to children. Cadburys Marketing code Supporting sensible consumption and balanced life style also signifies the company values towards the consumers  [3]   Good relationships with supplier and other stakeholders can also provide an increased repertoire of insights and responses, greater efficiencies and more opportunities for creating problem solving. This is especially important for Cadbury constantly tries to innovate its products and services to maintain their market share .Since Cadbury has a strong stakeholder relationship it also provides the company with a measure of stability in a turbulent environment. During the Worm infest crisis of 2003 it was very difficult time for the company but due to the solid relation it has with its customers, stakeholder it was able to win back their trust and gain the largest market share by 2004. Analysis and Conclusions: Cadburys competitive advantage comes from highly related and producing similar products lines based on existing technologies .For example Cadbury dairy milk, Dairy milk shots. I feel since Cadbury targets similar product market some of the customer bases Moreover it has the ability to offer big portfolio to meet customer needs .Since Cadbury is already the market leader in the chocolate confectionery in India it can focus on the current portfolio effectively using this as a base to venture into new products or entering into similar industry. Also it can be noted that the markets that it has already captured are in to the maturity stage and product needs constant innovation and development to sustain in the long run. India has a vast population though Cadbury has a very large and diverse distribution network still there would be lot of untapped market potential it should concentrate on getting the best distribution system. Also as the market develops consumers become more experienced and discerning and look for more benefits from the products they choose. Cadbury should regularly try to re-work exiting brands and develop new ones to meet consumer demands. Bibliography Abbott, John C..  Agricultural Marketing Enterprises for the Developing World: With Case Studies of Indigenous Private, Transnational Co-operative and Parastatal Enterprise. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.   Barney, J.B., (1991), Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management; 17, (1), pp.99-120 Campbell, David J., Bill Houston, and George Stonehouse.  Business Strategy: An Introduction. Manual ed. 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Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc, 2009. Moschandreas, Maria.  Business Economics. 2 ed. New York: Cengage Learning Business Press, 1999. Mujamdar, Ramanuj.  Product Management in India. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall Of India Pvt.Ltd, 2004. Steiner, George A., and John F. Steiner.  Business, Government and Society: A Managerial Perspective. 12Rev Ed ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008. Svendsen, Ann.  The Stakeholder Strategy: Profiting from Collaborative Business Relationships. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 1998. Food fight. Economist, 00130613, 11/7/2009, Vol. 393, Issue 8656 Academic Search Premier Business strategy: an introduction By David Campbell, George Stonehouse, Bill Houston Business, government, and society: a managerial perspective : text and cases  By George Albert Steiner, John F. Steiner Nestlà © : Chocolates Confectionery.  Nestlà © : Home  . N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Dec. 2009. . Welcome to Amul The Taste of India .  Welcome to Amul The Taste of India  . N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Dec. 2009. . Cadbury Global We apologise for the delay.  Cadbury Global  . N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2010. . Cadbury India Ltd..  Cadbury India Ltd.. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2009. . Chocolate Confectionery India report-2009-Euromonitor http://0-www.portal.euromonitor.com.emu.londonmet.ac.uk/Portal/ResultsList.aspx Cadbury India Ltd- Company factfile -Euromonitor International-http://0-www.portal.euromonitor.com.emu.londonmet.ac.uk/Portal/ResultsList.aspx Cadbury India Ltd Packaged Food India- Euromonitor International-http://0-www.portal.euromonitor.com.emu.londonmet.ac.uk/Portal/ResultsList.aspx

Magical Elements in The Day We Were Dogs :: Day We Were Dogs Essays

Magical Elements in The Day We Were Dogs      Ã‚  Ã‚   The short story "The Day We Were Dogs", first published in 1993, was written by Elena Garro. She was born in Pueblo, Mexico, on December 15, 1920. I feel that the story definitely has to deal with magical realism. "The Day We Were Dogs" has too many magical elements that are treated as normal not to be magical realism. However, I also felt that the story has some unreal elements that are not treated as normal. Therefore, I feel that the story may also fit into the genre of fantastic literature, which creates questions about the unreal elements. Given this fact that the story hovers between magical realism and fantastic literature, it can not be absolutely defined as an example of magical realism. After reading "The Day We Were Dogs", I felt that some things were treated as normal. One of the characteristics of magical realism is the fact that the girls might be dogs. To me, this is an obvious magical element. A human can not turn into a dog in any way, shape, or form. Also, a magical realist characteristic is when one of the girls touched a worm with her fingertip and it became a red ring (208). If she is a dog, I find myself asking: Why is he touching the worm with his fingertip? In addition, Eva rested her head on her fore paws and closed her eyes (209). The fact that the girls are switching from a human back to an animal seems magical to me. Most importantly, these magical elements are treated as normal by the characters, a necessary criteria for magical realism (Faris 172). The sun beating down, the earth burned, and the dogs' food was heavy as bags of rocks (209), however, in my opinion, is an example of an unreal element that is questionable. Dog food is heavy, but I do not think that it is as heavy as rocks. I felt that it was somewhat an exaggeration. Therefore, I feel that it is a fantastic element, one that is questioned (Todorov), rather than an example of magical realism in which the unreal is treated as normal. Grounding the magical elements in reality is also a characteristic of magical realism. I found some realistic elements in the story "The Day We Were Dogs" as well.

We Should Make Snow on the Mountain Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive

We Should Make Snow on the Mountain The varying opinions on whether snow should be made on the Snowbowl Ski Mountain in Flagstaff, Arizona have grown to become a statewide debate. Snowbowl is one of the sacred mountains in the San Francisco Peaks that is very meaningful to the Native people. If snow were to be made on the mountain, it would interfere with the beliefs of many people. On the other hand, many Arizona residents rely on the ski area for its incoming business, recreation, and for providing jobs to many people. The dispute on the expansion of the ski area and the making of snow has continued to be discussed for the last fifteen years. The tribes defending their lands are very confident in the decisions the National Forest has been faced with. Should snow be made on Snowbowl Mountain? The answer is fast approaching. The National Forest Department of Coconino is taking the final public response on the proposed action before a decision is made. It is clear, though, that the proposed improvements for Snowbowl bri ng about many negative factors such as interfering with the Native beliefs, the effects it will have on the economy, and the costliness of the expansion. This almost makes the proposed plan not worth the effort. First, the Native’s beliefs in this area are very important because the land is so sacred to them. They do not want it to be destroyed. â€Å"It’s something so emotional to the Hopi people. The Peaks are part of our everyday lives. It’s not just a significant landscape; it carries the essence of our life as well.† Kuwanwisiwma, chief of the local Hopi tribe, states in an article published in the Arizona Daily Sun (2002). This project is also very unnatural towards the environment. The making of snow is not... ...f you want to put it into western perspective.† In a letter written by the Forest Supervisor, published by the United States Department of Agriculture (2004), Jim Golden, he insures that a decision will be returned to the public on the proposed action at some point in the next three seasons to come, this was in the season of 2002. Although the snowfall this year looks promising so far, there is no guarantee that the area will pull through. With the thirteen Native tribes strongly opposing all proposals, the effect it will have on the economy, and the costliness of the entire plan all working against the project proposal, the Snowbowl expansion may be set aside for more time to come. Satisfying the needs of the two opposing sides will be difficult, but the community will come to realize that the economy of Flagstaff and surrounding people will be affected greatly.

Ess (Exam Scheduling System)

CHAPTER IV Presentation of Data, Software Product Analysis and Implementation The Existing System Dean 0 Manual Process Administrator Day of ExamSchedule Time Term Rooms Teachers Subjects Sections Figure 4. 1 Process of the Manual Scheduling The figure shows the existing system of AMA Computer College Lipa. The administrator will gather the data needed for the manual process of Scheduling. After gathering the data the administrator will manually do the schedule. The Proposed System 0 Computerized Scheduling Dean Administrator File MaintenanceSchedule Schedule Management Figure 4. Process of the Proposed System The figure shows the content of the proposed system. Once the user entered to the system, the system is ready to accommodate the File Maintenance, Schedule Management, Schedule Browser and Reports. Prospective User The Administrator will act as the primary user of the proposed system. The primary user has access to all the features of the system which includes file maintenance, schedule managing, schedule browsing and generating reports. The primary user can add, edit, update and delete different transactions of all the features mentioned above.The user also allows to print all the reports that was produced by the system. Components of the Proposed System In Software Product Analysis in Chapter III, the proponents discussed the different possible software that can be used in making the proposed study. Among all those software, the proponents decided to chose the SQL server 2008 for database, and Visual Basic . Net 2005 as the programming language. The proponents prefer to use the SQL Server 2008 over other databases it provides much faster Full-Text Search capability and much faster processing once SQL Server 2008 features are used.In addition, SQL Server 2008 provides for more efficient storage of data and indexes including filtered indexes, wide tables, sparse columns, and page level compression. In terms of programming language use, the proponents used Visual Basic. Net 2005 because the Visual Basic. Net is one of the most popular languages used in the software development industry. VB. Net provides managed code execution that runs under the Common Language Runtime (CLR), resulting in robust, stable and secure applications. VB. NET is free threading against theVB single-threaded apartment feature. All features of the . NET framework are readily available in VB. NET. VB. NET is totally object oriented. This is a major addition that VB6 and other earlier releases didn't have. Security has become more robust in VB. NET. System Design DFD (Data Flow Diagram) is used by the proponents to show the graphical representation of the flow of data through the system. This is also used in visualizing of data processing. The context is the summary of DFD of the existing and proposed Data Flow Diagram (DFD).This is the commonly used system modeling tools, particularly for the operational system in where the functions are paramount important and more complex than the data that system manipulates. The context is the summary of the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) of proposed system. The DFD (Data Flow Diagram) is shown in figure 4. 1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System Level 0 1. 0 Course Year Section Rooms Subject Teacher 3. 0 Generate Reports 2. 0 Process Schedule for Term Dean Administrator Processed Schedule Schedule Figure 4. 3 Level 0 of Data Flow Diagram Figure 4. 3 shows the overview process as a whole.It starts from the Admin, the user, with corresponding data that goes to different menus provided by the system. These are basically the primary inputs to be processed by the system which creates reports. This diagram is mainly the representation of the software developed. Level 1 of Process 1: File Maintenance 1. 1 Add Course Dean | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1. 2 Add Year | | | | | | | | | | | 1. 3 Add Rooms | | | | | | | | | | | | 1. 4 Add Subjects | | | | | | | 1. 5 Add Teachers 1. 6 Add Section Figure 4. 4 Level 1 of Da ta Flow Diagram The diagram Level 1 shows the procedure of accessing the file maintenance.The diagram shows how to add, edit, update and delete a data. It provides space for the user to input new data to the database. Level 2 Process 2: Schedule Management | | | | | | 2. 1| | | | 2. 2| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DEAN| | School Year| | | | Filled up| | | | | | Saved| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fill up| Schedule| | Update| | | D6 Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | schedule| | | | schedule| | | | | | | | Section| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Subject List| form| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Room| | | | | | | Updated| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Day| | | | | | | Schedule| | | | | Time| Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2. 3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Schedule| | | | Print Report| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | STUDENTS| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Figure 4. 5 Level 2 of Data Flow Diagram The diagram Level 2 shows the procedure of accessing the Schedule Management. The user will fill up the schedule form. After making the schedule, the user can also print the report. Level 3 Process 3: Generate Reports| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | D7| Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Saved Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Section Schedule| | | | | | | 3. 2| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3. 1| | | | | | | | | | | | DEAN| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Generate Schedule| | | | | Generate Room| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Section Reports| | | | | | Schedule Reports| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Room Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Schedule| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Students Figure 4. 6 Level 3 of Data Flow Diagram The diagram Level 5 shows the corresponding procedures that the system provides under the report button. It shows the section schedule and room schedule reports. System Evaluation Report The respondents of this study responded so well throughout the survey process. The proponents got a good approval of improving the existing system into the proposed one project. Part I. 1. Suitability The system’s appearance is suitable for its use Table 4. 1 SuitabilitySuitability| Number| of| | Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| | respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | | the suitability of the| | | | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 200| | | 200/229 x 100 = 87%| 87% of 360Â ° = 320Â °| 3| – Agree| 29| | | 29/229 x 100 = 13%| 13% of 360Â ° = 40Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Suitability| | | | | | | | | 13%| | | | | | | | | | | Strongly Agree| | | | | | | | | | Agree| | | | | | | | | | 87%| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Figure 4. 1 Pie Chart for System SuitabilityFigure 4. 1 shows that 87% or 200 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system is suitable and 13% or 29 of the respondents agreed in the suitability of the system. 2. Interoperability The system’s ICONs are all working Table 4. 2 Interoperability Interoperability| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the interoperability of the| | | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 199| | 199/229 x 100 = 87%| 87% of 360Â ° = 313Â °| 3| – Agree| 30| | 30/229 x 100 = 13%| 13% of 360Â ° = 47Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | | – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Interoperability 13% Strongly Agre e Agree 87% Figure 4. 2 Pie Chart for System Interoperability Figure 4. 2 shows that 87% or 199 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system is working and 13% or 30 of the respondents agreed in the interoperability of the system. 3. Compliance The system supports the performance they need. Table 4. 3 Compliance Compliance| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the compliance of the| | | | | | | | system| | | | –Strongly Agree| 198| | 198/229 x 100 = 86%| 86% of 360Â ° = 310Â °| 3| – Agree| 31| | 31/229 x 100 = 14%| 14% of 360Â ° = 50Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Compliance 14% Strongly Agree Agree 86% Figure 4. 3 Pie Chart for System Compliance Figure 4. 3 shows that 86% or 198 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system supports the system they need and 14% or 31 of the respondents agreed in the compliance of t he system. Part II 2. System’s Usability The system is easy to use and navigate Table 4. 4 UnderstandabilityUnderstandability| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the understandability of| | | | | | | | the system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 229| | 229/229 x 100 = 100%| 100% of 360Â ° = 360Â °| 3| – Agree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Understandability Strongly Agree 100% Figure 4. 4 Pie Chart for System Understandability Figure 4. 4 shows that 100% or 229 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system is easy to understand. . Learnability The system is easy to use and navigate Table 4. 5 Learnability Learnability| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the learnability of the| | | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 198| | 1 98/229 x 100 = 86%| 86% of 360Â ° = 310Â °| 3| – Agree| 31| | 31/229 x 100 = 14%| 14% of 360Â ° = 50Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Learnability 14% Strongly Agree Agree 86% Figure 4. 5 Pie Chart for System Learnability Figure 4. shows that 86% or 198 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system is easy to use and navigate and 14% or 31 of the respondents agreed in the navigation of the system. Part III – System’s Reliability 1. Accuracy The system gives an accurate output. Table 4. 6 Accuracy Accuracy| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the accuracy of the| | | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 200| | 200/229 x 100 = 87%| 87% of 360Â ° = 313Â °| 3| – Agree| 29| | 29/229 x 100 = 13%| 13% of 360Â ° = 47Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | | – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree | | | | | | | Accuracy 13% Strongly Agree Agree 87% Figure 4. 6 Pie Chart for System Accuracy Figure 4. 6 shows that 87% or 200 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system gives accurate output and 13% or 29 of the respondents agreed in the accuracy of the system. 2. Recovery The system has ability to recover form failure. Table 4. 7 Recovery Recovery| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the recovery of the| | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 198| | 198/229 x 100 = 86%| 86% of 360Â ° = 310Â °| 3| – Agree| 31| | 31/229 x 100 = 14%| 14% of 360Â ° = 50Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Recovery 14% Strongly Agree Agree 86% Figure 4. 7 Pie Chart for System Accuracy Figure 4. 7 shows that 86% or 198 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system has ability to recover form failure and 14% or 31 of the respondents agreed in the recovery of the system. Part IV – System’s Efficiency 1. Resource BehaviorThe system provides an optimum utilization of the resources. Table 4. 8 Resource Behavior Resource| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| Behavior| Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the resource behavior of| | | | | | | | the system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 195| | 195/229 x 100 = 85%| 85% of 360Â ° = 306Â °| 3| – Agree| 34| | 34/229 x 100 = 15%| 15% of 360Â ° = 54Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | 1| – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Resource Behavior 15% Strongly Agree Agree 85% Figure 4. 8 Pie Chart for System Resource Behavior Figure 4. shows that 85% or 195 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system provides an optimum utilization of the resources and 15% or 34 of the respondents agreed in the resource behavior of the system. 2. Time Behavior The system responses on time or as needed. Table 4 . 9 Time Behavior Time Behavior| Number| of| Percentage of| Angle| size| for Pie| | | Respondents| respondents evaluating| Chart| | | | | | | the time behavior of the| | | | | | | | system| | | | 4–Strongly Agree| 201| | 201/229 x 100 = 88%| 88% of 360Â ° = 317Â °| 3| – Agree| 28| | 28/229 x 100 = 12%| 12% of 360Â ° = 43Â °| 2| – Disagree| 0| | 0| 0| | | | – Strongly| 0| | 0| 0| | | Disagree| | | | | | | Time Behavior 12% Strongly Agree Agree 88% Figure 4. 9 Pie Chart for System Time Behavior Figure 4. 9 shows that 88% or 201 of the respondents strongly agreed that the system responses on time or as needed and 12% or 29 of the respondents agreed in the time behavior of the system. System Evaluation for AMACC – Lipa Campus Students 1. System’s Functionality Table 4. 10 System’s Functionality Criteria| Strongly| Agree| Disagree| Strongly| Weighted| Rank| | Agree| | | Disagree| Mean| | Suitability| 200| 29| 0| 0| 3. 7| 1| Interoperab ility| 199| 30| 0| 0| 3. 87| 1| Compliance| 198| 31| 0| 0| 3. 87| 2| 2. System’s Usability Table 4. 11 System’s Usability Criteria| Strongly| Agree| Disagree| Strongly| Weighted| Rank| | Agree| | | Disagree| Mean| | Understandability| 229| 0| 0| 0| 4| 1| Learnability| 198| 31| 0| 0| 3. 86| 2| 3. System’s Reliability Table 4. 12 System’s Reliability Criteria| Strongly| Agree| Disagree| Strongly| Weighted| Rank| | Agree| | | Disagree| Mean| | Accuracy| 200| 29| 0| 0| 3. 87| 1| Recovery| 198| 31| 0| 0| 3. 86| 2| 4. System’s Efficiency Table 4. 12System’s Efficiency Criteria| Strongly| Agree| Disagree| Strongly| Weighted| Rank| | Agree| | | Disagree| Mean| | Resource Behavior| 195| 34| 0| 0| 3. 85| 2| Time Behavior| 201| 28| 0| 0| 3. 88| 1| Over-all System Evaluation of AMACC – Lipa Campus Students Table 4. 13 Over-all System Evaluation of AMACC – Lipa Campus Students Criteria| Strongly| Agree| Disagree| Strongly| Weighted| Rank| | Agree| | | Disagree| Mean| | Functionality| 199| 28| 0| 0| 3. 88| 1| Usability| 142| 31| 0| 0| 3. 82| 2| Reliability| 199| 30| 0| 0| 3. 87| 1| Efficiency| 198| 31| 0| 0| 3. 6| 3| Table 4. 26 Verbal Interpretation of Evaluation Result Option| Scale| Verbal Interpretation| 4| 3. 50 – 4. 00| Strongly Agree| 3| 2. 55 – 3. 54| Agree| 2| 1. 55 – 2. 54| Disagree| 1| 1. 00 – 1. 54| Strongly Disagree| | Table 4. 27| | Interpretation of Over-all Evaluation of AMACC – Lipa Campus Student| | | | | Criteria| Weighted Mean| Verbal| Rank| | | Interpretation| | Functionality| 3. 88| Strongly Agree| 1| Usability| 3. 82| Strongly Agree| 2| Reliability| 3. 87| Strongly Agree| 1| Efficiency| 3. 86| Strongly Agree| 3| Average| | Strongly Agree| |